Types of Architects and What They Do




People need places by which to call home, work, play, learn, worship, meet, govern, shop, and eat. Architects are in charge of designing these places, whether they're private or public; indoors or out; rooms, buildings, or complexes. Architects are licensed professionals trained in the art and science of building design who develop the concepts for structures and turn those concepts into images and plans.

Architects create the general look of buildings and other structures, but the design of a building involves far more than its appearance. Buildings also must certanly be functional, safe, and economical and must suit the requirements of individuals who use them. Architects consider all these factors if they design buildings and other structures.

Architects may be concerned in every phases of a building project, from the original discussion with the client through the ultimate delivery of the completed structure. Their duties require specific skills—designing, engineering, managing, supervising, and communicating with clients and builders. Architects spend a lot of time explaining their suggestions to clients, construction contractors, and others. Successful architects must be able to communicate their own vision persuasively.

The architect and client discuss the objectives, requirements, and budget of a project. In some cases, architects provide various predesign services: conducting feasibility and environmental impact studies, selecting a website, preparing cost analysis and land-use studies, or specifying the requirements the look must meet. Like, they might determine space requirements by researching the numbers and kinds of potential users of a building. The architect then prepares drawings and a written report presenting ideas for the client to review.

After discussing and agreeing on the first proposal, architects develop final construction plans that show the building's appearance and details for the construction. Accompanying these plans are drawings of the structural system; air-conditioning, heating, and ventilating systems; electrical systems; communications systems; plumbing; and, possibly, site and landscape plans. The plans also specify the building materials and, in some cases, the inner furnishings. In developing designs, architects follow building codes, zoning laws, fire regulations, and other ordinances, such as for instance those requiring comfortable access by individuals who are disabled. Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) and building information modeling (BIM) technology has replaced traditional paper and pencil as the most common method for creating design and construction drawings. Continual revision of plans on the foundation of client needs and budget constraints is frequently necessary.

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